Glutathione; Erythrocytes

The level of glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes is a sensitive indicator of intracellular GSH status, the overall health of cells and the ability to endure toxic challenges. Clinically, this is preferable because plasma GSH only represent levels synthesised and exported from the liver. Intracellular GSH synthesis and levels can be upregulated as a protective mechanism. Some factors that may increase erythrocyte GSH include moderate alcohol consumption, smoking, regular exercise and acute exposure to toxic metals. Low levels of GSH have been reported in cardiovascular disease, cancer, AIDS, autism, alcoholism and neurogenerative diseases. It has also been connected to the retention of toxic elements such as mercury, lead, arsenic, cadmium, manganese and iron as well as some chemicals and drugs.